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One of the key basic discussions with lift trucks is taking into account the center of gravity and the stability triangle. One of the most difficult things for a lift truck operator to judge is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity in their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
To explain it simply, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When drawing imaginary lines between these three points, the stability triangle is created. The operator must ensure that the center of gravity, which is made, along with his load and the equipment itself, remains in the stability triangle in order to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How do you define the center of gravity? When it comes to lift truck operation, we need to be concerned not just with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This includes the load which is being picked up as well as the lift truck itself.
The load's center of gravity is defined as the load center. The load center can be more easily detected in a uniform load situation, such as a bale. Like for instance, a uniform load on a forty eight inch long pallet, would have the load center at 24 inches. This load center is very common for numerous lift trucks with smaller capacity. However, if a load is not centered correctly, like with items which are not symmetrical, maybe an engine for example, then great care and caution should be taken in order to gauge the center of gravity.
The lift truck has a center of gravity of its own, which shifts each time the lift truck picks up a load. When the load is raised, the center of gravity shifts forward. A lot of care should be taken to be able to maintain the center of gravity in the stability triangle of the forklift. This occurs by following the numbers and not lifting over the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. Also, the load center should be considered. Be aware that whenever lifting the load, the load center also moves forward.
The lift truck or forklift is a powered equipment used most often for the transporting and lifting of products and materials in warehouse and industrial environments. These types of machinery are usually utilized in the construction, mining, warehousing, and dockside applications.
Depending on their uses, the forklift can be called by a lot of different names. A few different examples of these names are: stacker trucks, lift trucks, fork trucks and trailer loaders. These kinds of machines are utilized throughout the world, mainly in the manufacturing and warehousing industry.
During the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, the first forklifts made their debut in the building of the Pennsylvania railroad in 1906. At that time, platform trucks were introduced to be able to help in the transportation of goods. These first platform trucks run on batteries. The trucks regained their popularity in WWI when extreme shortage of labor happened because of all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts really arrived on the market to stay.
There are basically 2 main kinds of forklift: those dealing with heavy loads and those which can handle light loads. The light models consist of: towing tractors, side loaders, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These machinery are made for handling lighter cargo and they are not ideal for very heavy loads. The specific load capacity of the equipment is posted in the owner's guidebook and on the equipment itself. Several examples of the big truck types comprise: walkie order picking trucks, truck mounted forklifts and telescopic handlers.
